Hipertrofia lipomatosa del septum interatrial: reporte de un caso / Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum. A case report

Resumen La hipertrofia lipomatosa del septum interauricular (HLSI) es una entidad cardiaca rara y benigna, que se caracteriza por la acumulación de tejido adiposo dentro de algunos segmentos del septum interatrial. Generalmente, los pacientes son asintomáticos y estas lesiones se descubren de manera incidental mediante estudios de imagen realizados por otras razones, o en el contexto de una autopsia. Se han descrito casos de muerte súbita por alteración del ritmo cardiaco en estos pacientes. El diagnóstico diferencial de la HLSI incluye principalmente tumores cardiacos. Se expone el caso de un paciente de 61 años que, después de un estudio de resonancia magnética cardiaca, realizado por una alteración del ritmo cardiaco, presenta una masa en el septum auricular. El paciente es llevado a cirugía y el estudio histopatológico de la lesión confirma el diagnóstico. Se realiza una revisión de las características clínicas y patológicas de la HLSI.

Abstract Lipomatous Hypertrophy of the Interatrial Septum (LHIS) is a rare and benign cardiac entity that is characterized by the accumulation of adipose tissue within some segments of the interatrial septum. Patients are generally asymptomatic, and these lesions are discovered incidentally by imaging studies performed for other reasons, or in the context of an autopsy. In these patients, there have been described cases of sudden death due to disturbance of the heart rhythm. The differential diagnosis of LHIS mainly includes cardiac tumors. Here we present a case of a 61-year-old patient in whom, after a cardiac magnetic resonance study performed for an abnormal heart rhythm, it was documented a mass in the atrial septum. The patient was taken to surgery, and the histopathological study of the lesion confirmed the diagnosis. We conduct a review of the clinical and pathological characteristics of LHIS.

Surgical Planning by 3D Printing for Primary Cardiac Schwannoma Resection

We report herein a case of benign cardiac schwannoma in the interatrial septum. A 42-year-old woman was transferred from a clinic because of cardiomegaly as determined by chest X-ray. A transthoracic echocardiography and chest computed tomography examination revealed a huge mass in the pericardium compressing the right atrium, superior vena cava (SVC), left atrium, and superior pulmonary vein. To confirm that the tumor originated from either heart or mediastinum, cine magnetic resonance imaging was performed, but the result was not conclusive. To facilitate surgical planning, we used 3D printing. Using a printed heart model, we decided that tumor resection under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) through sternotomy would be technically feasible. At surgery, a huge tumor in the interatrial septum was confirmed. By incision on the atrial roof between the aorta and SVC, tumor enucleation was performed successfully under CPB. Pathology revealed benign schwannoma. The patient was discharged without complication. 3D printing of the heart and tumor was found to be helpful when deciding optimal surgical approach.

IgG4-Related Sclerosing Disease Involving the Superior Vena Cava and the Atrial Septum of the Heart

A 55-year-old woman presented with frequent episodes of syncope due to sinus pauses. During ambulatory Holter monitoring, atrial fibrillation and first-degree atrioventricular nodal block were observed. Magnetic resonance imaging and CT scans showed a tumor-like mass from the superior vena cava to the right atrial septum. Open chest cardiac biopsy was performed. The tumor was composed of proliferating IgG4-positive plasma cells and lymphocytes with surrounding sclerosis. The patient was diagnosed with IgG4-related sclerosing disease. Because of frequent sinus pauses and syncope, a permanent pacemaker was implanted. The cardiac mass was inoperable, but it did not progress during the one-year follow-up.

Miocardiopatía restrictiva y comunicación interauricular en un paciente con esclerodermia / Restrictive cardiomyopathy and atrial septal defect in a patient with scleroderma

Se presentó un paciente con esclerodermia que se diagnosticó a partir de las manifestaciones cardiovasculares de la enfermedad: palpitaciones, disnea de esfuerzo, inflamación de manos y pies e incluso la cara. Clínicamente se manifestó fenómeno de Raynaud y litiasis renal. Eléctricamente, fibrilación auricular de respuesta rápida y por la ecocardiogiografia, patrón de miocardiopatia restrictiva, hipertensión pulmonar y comunicación interauricular tipo fosa oval

A patient was reported with a diagnosis of scleroderma based on the cardiovascular manifestations of the disease: palpitation, exertional dyspnea, swelling of the hands and feet and even the face. Clinical manifestations were Raynaud's phenomenon and renal lithiasis. Electrically, rapid response atrial fibrillation, and ecocardiogiographically, a pattern of restrictive cardiomyopathy, pulmonary hypertension and fossa ovalis atrial septal defect

Atrial septal aneurysm concomitant with severe mitral stenosis

An atrial septal aneurysm is an uncommon abnormality and may be the origin of thromboembolic events. We herein present an unusual case of this septal abnormality with mitral stenosis and history of thromboembolic cerebrovascular accident